顯示頁面舊版反向連結Fold/unfold all回到頁頂 本頁是唯讀的，您可以看到原始碼，但不能更動它。您如果覺得它不應被鎖上，請詢問管理員。 ====== [Draft]在已存在的 Ubuntu lvm 開機碟建立 RAID1 ====== * 環境 : Ubuntu 20.04 採用 iso 開機預設 lvm 建立開機碟 sda(32G) * 目標 : 加入 sdb(32G) 設定 sda+sdb 成為 RAID1, 當 sda 損毀還能透過 sdb 開機使用, 並能加回更換後的 sda ===== 處理程序 ===== - 確認現有 sda 內的相關資訊 <cli> root@test-lvm-102:~# fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 32 GiB, 34359738368 bytes, 67108864 sectors Disk model: QEMU HARDDISK Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 4F956088-02A8-402A-931B-440831A9F332 Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot /dev/sda2 4096 4198399 4194304 2G Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 4198400 67106815 62908416 30G Linux filesystem root@test-lvm-102:~# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 941M 0 941M 0% /dev tmpfs 198M 1.0M 197M 1% /run /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 30G 4.5G 24G 16% / tmpfs 986M 0 986M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 986M 0 986M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/loop0 62M 62M 0 100% /snap/core20/1611 /dev/sda2 2.0G 108M 1.7G 6% /boot /dev/loop1 68M 68M 0 100% /snap/lxd/22753 /dev/loop2 47M 47M 0 100% /snap/snapd/16292 tmpfs 198M 0 198M 0% /run/user/1000 root@test-lvm-102:~# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda3 VG Name ubuntu-vg PV Size <30.00 GiB / not usable 0 Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 7679 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 7679 PV UUID 1yb1vq-CMMu-7NLs-nif3-QFVU-SrAd-r81xKs root@test-lvm-102:~# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name ubuntu-vg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 2 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size <30.00 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 7679 Alloc PE / Size 7679 / <30.00 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID 1ZEt2r-TSxy-jyR8-TBh8-W4tf-azfb-iRn4cG root@test-lvm-102:~# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv LV Name ubuntu-lv VG Name ubuntu-vg LV UUID 7t6pa0-Fx5y-31DZ-lE1B-vKWP-v6at-nNLp0V LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time ubuntu-server, 2023-12-18 21:50:55 +0000 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size <30.00 GiB Current LE 7679 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 </cli> - 安裝 mdadm 套件(Ubuntu 20.04預設已安裝)<cli> apt install initramfs-tools mdadm </cli>並載入 Linux Kernel<cli> modprobe md modprobe linear modprobe multipath modprobe raid0 modprobe raid1 modprobe raid5 modprobe raid6 modprobe raid10 </cli>檢查 md 狀態<cli> root@test-lvm-102:~# cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] unused devices: <none> </cli> - 準備將 sdb 加入<cli> root@test-lvm-102:~# sfdisk -d /dev/sda | sfdisk /dev/sdb Checking that no-one is using this disk right now ... OK Disk /dev/sdb: 32 GiB, 34359738368 bytes, 67108864 sectors Disk model: QEMU HARDDISK Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes >>> Script header accepted. >>> Script header accepted. >>> Script header accepted. >>> Script header accepted. >>> Script header accepted. >>> Script header accepted. >>> Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: 4F956088-02A8-402A-931B-440831A9F332). /dev/sdb1: Created a new partition 1 of type 'BIOS boot' and of size 1 MiB. /dev/sdb2: Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 2 GiB. /dev/sdb3: Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 30 GiB. /dev/sdb4: Done. New situation: Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 4F956088-02A8-402A-931B-440831A9F332 Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sdb1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot /dev/sdb2 4096 4198399 4194304 2G Linux filesystem /dev/sdb3 4198400 67106815 62908416 30G Linux filesystem The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. root@test-lvm-102:~# fdisk -l /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 32 GiB, 34359738368 bytes, 67108864 sectors Disk model: QEMU HARDDISK Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 4F956088-02A8-402A-931B-440831A9F332 Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sdb1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot /dev/sdb2 4096 4198399 4194304 2G Linux filesystem /dev/sdb3 4198400 67106815 62908416 30G Linux filesystem </cli>將 /dev/sdb2 與 /dev/sdb3 的檔案系統類型設定為 Linux RAID<cli> root@test-lvm-102:~# fdisk /dev/sdb Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.34). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-3, default 3): 2 Partition type (type L to list all types): 29 Changed type of partition 'Linux RAID' to 'Linux RAID'. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 32 GiB, 34359738368 bytes, 67108864 sectors Disk model: QEMU HARDDISK Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 4F956088-02A8-402A-931B-440831A9F332 Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sdb1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot /dev/sdb2 4096 4198399 4194304 2G Linux RAID /dev/sdb3 4198400 67106815 62908416 30G Linux filesystem Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3 Partition type (type L to list all types): 29 Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux RAID'. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 32 GiB, 34359738368 bytes, 67108864 sectors Disk model: QEMU HARDDISK Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 4F956088-02A8-402A-931B-440831A9F332 Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sdb1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot /dev/sdb2 4096 4198399 4194304 2G Linux RAID /dev/sdb3 4198400 67106815 62908416 30G Linux RAID Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. </cli>確認 /dev/sdb2 與 /dev/sdb3 內沒有 RAID 資訊<cli> mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sdb2 mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sdb3 </cli> - 建立 RAID1 : /dev/sdb2 -> /dev/md0 , /dev/sdb3 -> /dev/md1 <cli> mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-disks=2 --metadata=0.90 missing /dev/sdb2 mdadm --create /dev/md1 --level=1 --raid-disks=2 missing /dev/sdb3 root@test-lvm-102:~# mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sdb2 mdadm: Unrecognised md component device - /dev/sdb2 root@test-lvm-102:~# mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-disks=2 missing /dev/sdb2 mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and may not be suitable as a boot device. If you plan to store '/boot' on this device please ensure that your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use --metadata=0.90 Continue creating array? Continue creating array? (y/n) y mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata mdadm: array /dev/md0 started. </cli>查看 md 狀態<cli> root@test-lvm-102:~# cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid1 sdb2[1] 2097088 blocks [2/1] [_U] md1 : active raid1 sdb3[1] 31436800 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U] unused devices: <none> </cli>格式化 /dev/md0 -> ext4 , /dev/md1 -> LVM<cli> root@test-lvm-102:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0 mke2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020) Discarding device blocks: done Creating filesystem with 524272 4k blocks and 131072 inodes Filesystem UUID: f24c70d1-2144-4bd5-9870-8f2c138c940a Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (8192 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done pvcreate /dev/md1 vgextend ubuntu-vg /dev/md1 pvdisplay </cli> - ===== 參考網址 ===== * https://www.howtoforge.com/set-up-raid1-on-a-running-lvm-system-debian-etch {{tag>lvm raid}} tech/ubuntu-boot-lvm-raid1.txt 上一次變更: 2023/12/19 07:09由 jonathan